The underlying data

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241 valid observations

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About this data

Surface albedo

NASA Giovanni / MERRA-2 · MERRA-2 · M2TMNXRAD 5.12.4

Period: 2005-01 to 2025-01Monthly area average; 0.5° × 0.625° source grid241 valid monthsLast updated: 2026-11-15No internal monthly gapsNo values outside plausible ranges

Aerosol optical depth

NASA Giovanni / MODIS Aqua · MODIS Aqua · MYD08_M3 V6.1

Period: 2005-01 to 2025-12Monthly area average; 1° × 1° product grid252 valid monthsLast updated: 2026-11-15No internal monthly gapsNo values outside plausible ranges

UV Aerosol Index

NASA Giovanni / Aura OMI OMAERUVd v003 · Aura OMI · OMAERUVd v003

Period: 2005-01 to 2025-12Daily 1° source grid; cleaned monthly area averages252 valid monthsLast updated: 2026-11-15No internal monthly gapsNo values outside plausible ranges

Punjab area-averaged albedo

MERRA-2 · M2TMNXRAD 5.12.4

241 observations2005-01-01 → 2025-01-0169.375°E–75°E, 28°N–34°N0 missing · 0 duplicates removed

MODIS Aqua aerosol optical depth

MODIS Aqua · MYD08_M3 V6.1

252 observations2005-01-01 → 2025-12-0170.5°E–75.5°E, 28.5°N–33.5°N0 missing · 0 duplicates removed

UV Aerosol Index (OMI)

Aura OMI · OMAERUVd v003

252 observations2005-01-01 → 2025-12-01Punjab study box; exact coordinates not supplied in CSV0 missing · 0 duplicates removed

Observation preview

Month-aligned built-in variables. Missing values show n/a. Annual means require at least 9 months.

2005-01 · January0.2167114170.3699508500.320730000
2005-02 · February0.2167828680.3842167750.318910000
2005-03 · March0.2073865090.3476406150.082720000
2005-04 · April0.2111659050.4680774810.769340000
2005-05 · May0.2122267190.4974053180.382770000
2005-06 · June0.2160107340.7525499210.844130000
2005-07 · July0.2150541391.0491919000.683400000
2005-08 · August0.2132938210.7845828200.950820000
2005-09 · September0.2135542180.4656048770.436020000
2005-10 · October0.2165826110.4873737190.712000000
2005-11 · November0.2132337240.5045923120.815330000
2005-12 · December0.2169997690.3894238930.698360000

Original source metadata

NASA Giovanni. Surface albedo monthly 0.5 × 0.625°. User bbox: 69.33,27.7,75.35,34.02. Data bbox: 69.375,28,75,34. Fill: 1e15. Area averages, not pixel observations. No quality flags supplied.